![]() From that moment I considered you as my children and my fidelity to you remains undiminished. More careful of the prosperity than the ruin of that part which you inhabit, I gave to this homage a favorable reception. By a free and spontaneous movement of your hearts, you ranged yourselves under my subjection. Scarce had the French army been expelled when you hastened to acknowledge my authority. In May, Dessalines would address the following proclamation to the people of Santo Domingo: French forces returned to expel the Haitians, but themselves abandoned the town due to fear of reprisal by Dessalines's forces. In 1804, boarder hostilities broke out, with the Haitians taking advantage of Ferrand's earlier evacuation of Santiago, La Vega and Cotuí to capture these towns, installing a mixed-race freedman of Santo Domingo named José Campos Tabares to lead them. ![]() In an attempt to resuscitate Santo Domingo's collapsing economy which resulted from the continued emigration of white Spaniards, Ferrand gave a decree to expropriate the property of any person of the emigrant population who did not return by a given date, as well as the reimportation of slaves to the island. Seeking to consolidate the tenuous French position in the east, Ferrand executed a coup against the command of Kerverseau, combining their depleted forces and instituting a flurry of administrative changes. The French forces sent on the Saint-Domingue expedition ultimately failed, resulting in the lost of almost all of the 50,000 strong invasion force sent to the island, although Louverture himself would be captured and die. After gaining support from the Spaniard population for their rule on the island, the French forces under General François Marie Kerverseau and Jean-Luis Ferrand quickly moved to reinstate slavery, crushing the resistance of freedmen in the vicinity of the Nigua River. Illustration of Dominga Núñez encountering General Toussaint Louverture, by José Alloza.Īfter the 1801 campaign by Toussaint Louverture into Santo Domingo which saw the emancipation of the enslaved population in the east, a large French force would land in Samaná Bay with the aid of the locals of Santo Domingo, ending Louverture's unification with the eastern half of the island and using Santo Domingo as a springboard for a renewed French invasion of Haiti. Events Prelude Invasion of Toussaint Louverture, artwork by José Alloza. Ferrand would later be defeated by Juan Sánchez Ramírez in the Battle of Palo Hincado, after which he committed suicide with his own pistol. Municipalities of Santo Domingo ( Monte Plata, Cotuí, La Vega, Santiago, Moca, San Jose de las Matas, Monte Cristi, and San Juan de la Maguana) were burned, with reported massacres in Santiago and Moca and the killing of 500 civilians in Moca and another 400 in Santiago after an aborted attempt to expel the French forces lead by Jean-Louis Ferrand. ![]() The raids, carried out by the Haitian invasion force, were headed by Henri Christophe and Jean-Jacques Dessalines, who were present during the actions. Haitian historian Jean Price-Mars wrote that the troops killed the inhabitants of the targeted settlements irrespective of race. The broader invasion was part of a series of Haitian invasions into Santo Domingo, and occurred after the return from the Siege of Santo Domingo (1805). The event was narrated by survivor Gaspar Arredondo y Pichardo in his book Memoria de mi salida de la isla de Santo Domingo el 28 de abril de 1805 (Memory of my departure from the island of Santo Domingo on April 28, 1805), which was written nearly 40 years after the massacre is said to have taken place. The Beheadings of Moca (Spanish: Degüello de Moca Haitian Creole: Masak nan Moca French: Décapitation Moca) was a massacre that took place in Santo Domingo (now the Dominican Republic) in April 1805 when the invading Haitian army attacked civilians as ordered by Jean-Jacques Dessalines and Henri Christophe, during their retreat to Haiti after the failed 1805 Invasion to end French rule on the island. Bayonets, machetes, axes, firearms, swords
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